Mocap

Objective

Name the key principle that has remained unchanged in the history of motion capture
Explain key terminology relating to motion capture
Identify the types of motion capture systems available and outline advantages and disadvantages
Describe some applications of motion capture, in particular in Psychology
Using an inertial system, describe the process of data collection and data processing

How can we describe movement?

We can use: lively vs agitated

but not precise and reliable

Definition of motion capture: Recording the motion as 3d data for analysis, playback and remapping

Mocap process

usually interchangeably

A few keywords

rigid object

Degree of freedom (DOF): numbers of dimensions that are tracked: position & orientation = 3 directions +3 orientations =6 DOF

Kinematic model

Sample rate: how often (per second are data collected). Note that any analyses of movement from a recording/video (e.g. markerless MoCap) is constrained to the framerate of the video.

movement model

A co-lab link https://tinyurl.com/5h2yb6n2

Neuroimaging of ASD II (COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS)

Objectives

Classify the main diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Describe different factors of heterogeneity in ASD
Explain and summarise current as well as future strategies to overcome the problem of individual variability in ASD using cognitive neuroscientific approaches

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

Prevalence: 1% of more than 5.5 million in EU; Gender ratio: 4:1 male to female.

Diagnosis: Neurodevelopment diagnosis.

Individual variability among clinical and cognitive symptoms

Neuroimaging findings across the lifespan

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

Excitotoxicity in brains of individuals with ASD due to an excess of Glutamate

Glutamate and/or Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) markers could become a biomarker for ASD

biomarker for ASD

LONGITUDINAL EUROPEAN AUTISM PROJECT (LEAP)

AIMS-2-TRIALS AND LEAP

Summary

ASD

Relatively common and dimensional condition
Lifelong condition
Underdiagnosed in females
Typically accompanied by co-occurring mental health conditions
Multi-factorial risk factors and causes
Neurodevelopmental disorder

Clinical and research approaches have changed accordingly

Greater awareness of heterogeneity
Increasing emphasis on large sample size
Use of autism trait measures with subclinical groups

Neuroimaging research

Revealed brain phenotypes associated with ASD across the lifespan
Evidence for brain overgrowth, alterations in brain volume, structural and functional patterns

Future research

Lack of understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms -No evidence in treatment yet
Use of new technology to include individuals with ASD with intellectual and/or language impairments
Address the historical imbalance in participant gender
Study ASD in low and middle income countries
Balance big data with deep phenotyping as well as prediction tools for predicting diagnostic and dimensional outcomes